Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
Artistic Movements, Periods and Styles in 5 Points
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Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
- It was a brotherhood of English painters who formed a group in 1848, disappointed “by the decline of British painting.” It was stagnant, lacking in creativity, trapped by the strict conventions of the Academy, and “dominated by a corny, vulgar sentimentality.”
- They decided to break with the prevailing aesthetic norms, which were those born in the Renaissance. The aim was to return to the forms of art before Raphael, free from any academic mannerism.
- They regarded medieval art, and in particular that of the Italian primitives, as a model of purity and freedom. They were inspired mainly by Botticelli and Fra Filippo Lippi (Botticelli’s teacher).
- They idealized values such as nobility, spirituality, virtue, and mysticism. Their favorite themes were literary, historical, and religious scenes, as well as the legends and fabulous characters of the Middle Ages.
- In their quest to regain freedom and integrity, the Pre-Raphaelites believed that art and ethics should be united. Therefore, many of their works contain a moralizing message.
Representative Artists: Rossetti, Burne-Jones, Waterhouse, Hunt, Brown, Millais, Marie Spartali Stillman
Image: The Lady of Shalott (1888). John William Waterhouse.
Recommended links:
Ulysses and the Sirens (1891), John William Waterhouse.
Ofelia (1851/52), John Everett Millais.
Botticelli and the Return to Mythology.
Stories Behind Works of Art: The Birth of Venus, Sandro Botticelli.
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